| |
Phonogram-to-Sound
Chart
Courtesy of the Reading
Reform Foundation
Below are 70
phonograms which represent 45 basic sounds of the English
language. Also included are 2 blends represented by
phonographs and 8 less frequently-used phonograms.
|
Phonograms which represent one sound |
b |
d |
f |
h |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
|
bib
|
dad
|
fife
|
ha
|
jug
|
kit
|
lot
|
mum
|
no
|
|
p |
qu
(kw)
|
r |
t |
v |
w |
x
(ks)
|
z |
ai
(A)
|
|
pop
|
quid |
ruff
|
tick
|
van
|
wow
|
ax
|
zap
|
paid
|
|
ar
|
au
(aw)
|
aw |
ay
(A)
|
ci
(sh)
|
ck
(k)
|
dge
(j) |
ear
(er) |
ee
(E)
|
|
far
|
pause
|
saw |
pay
|
special
|
tick
|
badge
|
early |
bee
|
|
eigh
(A) |
er |
gh
(g) |
gn
(n) |
igh
(I) |
ir
(er) |
kn
(n) |
ng |
oa
(O) |
|
eight |
her
|
ghost |
gnat |
high
|
first
|
know |
sing
|
oar |
|
oe
(O) |
oi
(oy)
|
or
|
oy |
ph
(f) |
sh |
ti
(sh)
|
ur
(er)
|
wh
(hw) |
|
toe
|
coin
|
or |
boy
|
phase |
ship |
ration
|
nurse
|
what |
|
wor
(er)
|
wr
(r)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
works |
wrap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
war (or) |
|
ue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
warm |
|
due |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Phonograms which represent two or three sounds
|
c
(k,s) |
e
(e,E) |
g
(g,j) |
i
(i,I) |
s
(s,z) |
ew
(oo,U)
|
ow
(ow, O) |
si
(sh, zh) |
th |
|
cake
c2ite
|
ebb
be2
|
gag
g2em
|
it
I2
|
sit
as2
|
grew
jew2el
|
now
sow2
|
session
visi2on
|
think
the |
|
ui
(oo,U) |
a
(a,A,
o-ah) |
o
(ah,O,
oo) |
u
(u,U,oo)
|
y
(y,i,I) |
ch
(ch,k,sh) |
ea
(E,e,A)
|
ed
(ed,d,t)
|
ei
(E,A,i) |
|
fruit
jui2ce
|
apt
A2
a3ll
|
odd
no2
do3
|
us
u2nit
pu3t
|
yam
gy2m
by3
|
chest
ch2ord
ch3ef
|
eat
hea2d
stea3k
|
graded
filled2
ticked3
|
receive
vei2n
forei3gn
|
|
Phonograms which represent three or more sounds
|
ey
(A,E,i) |
ie
(E,I,i) |
oo
(oo,u3,O)
|
ou
(ow, O,oo,u) |
ough
|
|
|
|
|
|
they
key2
valley3
|
piece
lie2
lilie3s
|
boo
coo2k
doo3r
|
aloud
fou2r
you3
variou4s
|
dough
O
through2
oo
rough3b
uff
cough4b
off
bough5t
o(ah)
plough6
ow
lough7
(ah'k) |
|
|
|
|
Rarely used phonograms |
ce=sh
|
eu=U
|
pn=n
|
rh=r
|
s=sh
|
tch=ch
|
x=z
|
i=E
|
|
|
oceaan
|
Euarope
|
pnaeu-
matic |
rhaubarb
|
saure
|
matcha
|
Xaerox®
|
mosquito
|
|
a
Denotes less frequently used phonograms.
b
Denotes blends represented by phonograms.
Bold green
indicates additions by the AVKO editor
Return to
RRF Home Page
Sound-to-Phonogram
Chart
Below are 70
phonograms which represent 45 basic sounds of the English
language. Also included are 2 blends represented by
phonographs and 8 less frequently-used phonograms. Arranged
by sounds.
|
Sounds represented
by one phonogram |
a |
b |
h |
l |
m |
p |
qu |
v |
w |
|
apt
|
bib
|
ha
|
lot
|
mum
|
pop
|
quid |
van
|
wow
|
|
x |
y |
ar |
ng |
or |
th |
th2
|
wh |
|
|
ax
|
yam
|
far
|
sing
|
or |
think |
the |
what |
vision
|
|
Sounds represented
by two
phonograms |
d |
e |
f |
g |
s |
t |
u |
u3
|
/zh/ |
|
dad
filled2
|
ebb
hea2d
|
fife
phase |
gag
ghost |
sit
c2ite
|
tick
ticked3
|
us
variou4s
|
pu3t
coo2k
|
visi2on
treasure |
|
ch |
ed |
oy |
Blends |
off |
uff |
|
|
|
|
chest
matcha
|
graded
|
boy
coin |
|
cough4
|
rough3
|
|
|
|
|
Sounds represented
by three
phonograms |
j |
r |
z |
ow |
|
|
|
|
|
|
jug
g2em
badge |
ruff
wrap
rhaubara
|
zap
as2
Xaerox®
|
now
aloud
plough6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sounds represented by four or five
phonograms |
i |
i2
(I) |
k |
n |
u2
(U) |
er |
o(ah)
|
|
|
|
it
forei3gn
gy2m
lilies
valley3
|
I2
lie2
high
by3
|
kit
tick
cake
ch2ord
|
no
know
gnat
pnaeu-
matic |
u2nit
jew2el
jui2ce
Euarope
|
her
first
nurse
works
early |
odd
a3ll
saw
pause
bough5t
|
|
|
|
Sounds represented by six or more phonograms
|
a2
(A) |
e2
(E) |
o2
(O) |
oo |
sh |
|
|
|
|
|
A2
paid
pay
eight
they
stea3k
vei3n
|
be2
bee
key2
eat
piece
receive
mosquito |
no2
doo3r
sow2
oar
toe
fou2r
dough |
boot
do3
grew
suit
through2
you3
|
ship
ch3ef
ration
suspension
session
fashion
special
saure
pressure
oceaan
anxious |
|
|
|
|
a
Denotes less frequently used phonograms.
Bold green
indicates additions by the AVKO editor
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